Contents
Golf Basics
Golf Scoring
The Rules of Golf
Golf Equipment
How to Swing a Golf Club
How to Putt a Golf Ball
How to Hit a Chip Shot
How to Use the Pitching Wedge
How to Hit a Flop Shot
How to Hit Sand Shots
Golf Etiquette
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Golf Equipment
To play golf you need some equipment, including clubs, shoes, gloves, balls, bags, and tees.
Golf Clubs
Golf clubs are the most important and expensive pieces of golf equipment. A player may carry up to 14 clubs, though many players carry fewer. There are three main types of clubs, each with different purposes:
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Woods: Sometimes called
metal woods (since they
were once made of wood but are now primarily made of metal), these are used when a golfer wants to hit the ball the furthest distance. Woods are usually numbered 1–9. Higher-numbered clubs have shorter shafts and club faces that angle more toward the sky, which cause those clubs to hit the ball higher but not as far. The 1-wood is also called the driver, and most golfers use it to hit the ball off the tee at the beginning of many par 4 and par 5 holes. The other woods are called fairway woods and are typically used when the ball is on the fairway but there is still a long distance to the green.

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Irons: Irons provide less
distance than woods, but
more accuracy. The irons are numbered from 1–9, though
the 1- and 2-irons are rarely used. As with woods, the larger the number, the shorter the distance the club will hit the ball. There are also irons called wedges that have broad faces angled so that they cut under the ball, popping it high into the air. The pitching wedge is designed to hit high, soft shots off of grass, while the sand wedge is designed for hitting even higher shots and also for freeing the ball from
bunkers near the green.

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Putter: The putter is used almost
exclusively on the green. It has a flat head that is perpendicular to the ground so that it causes the ball to roll along the green.

Buying Golf Clubs
As a novice golfer, buy a starter set of about 10 golf clubs. Most starter sets include a driver, one or two fairway woods, three irons, one or two wedges, and a putter. It’s generally best to buy new clubs—club technology is always improving, making it much easier for beginners to learn the game. Inexpensive starter sets cost about $250, while higher-quality sets from better-quality brands can cost considerably more. When getting your first clubs, it’s best to buy from a pro shop with a knowledgeable staff that can help you pick clubs of the right length and grip width.
Other Golf Equipment
In addition to golf clubs, you should get the following:
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Golf bag: To carry
your clubs and other equipment, you’ll need a golf bag. It’s worth it to pay a little more to get a bag that’s comfortable and that has a built-in stand. A good-quality bag may cost $100 or more. Some starter sets come with bags.

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Golf balls: You’ll need a number of golf
balls so that you can still continue to play even if you lose one on the course. There are a wide variety of brands on the market. It’s best to find one type and stick with it, so that you have a feel for how it moves and so you’ll always be able to recognize your own ball on the course. Inexpensive golf balls cost about $10 per dozen, while top-of-the-line balls can cost as much as $50–60 per dozen.

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Golf tees: Golf tees are little
wooden supports that you use to hold up your golf ball when teeing off. They cost only about $1–5 for a pack of 100.

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Golf glove: Many players prefer
to play with a golf glove on their nondominant hand (i.e., a righty would wear the glove on her left hand). Though not essential, a glove provides extra grip on the club and protects the hand from blistering or chafing against the club grip. Most golf gloves range from $10–20.

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Golf shoes: You can play
golf in any rubber-soled shoes, though if you get serious about the game, you may prefer the traction and support provided by golf shoes, which have soles studded with short rubber spikes. Good shoes tend to cost at least $100.

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Club covers: Padded covers
protect your clubs from nicks or scratches. They usually come in sets of three or more, at a price of about $5–10 per cover.

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Ball mark repair tool: This small tool helps you fix ball marks that your ball makes when
it lands on the green. Though some players use golf tees to fix ball marks, a repair tool works better and typically costs only $5–10.

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