Breed Profile: Havanese

The exact origin of the Havanese is unknown, but most experts agree that the breed came from the western Mediterranean and that its ancestors were brought to foreign shores by their owners. They are believed to have arrived in Cuba—and the city of Havana, for which the breed is named—with Italian sea captains who carried the dogs on board for entertainment and trade purposes. These dogs became a favorite of the wealthy in Cuba and a frequent sight in palaces and country estates. The Havanese is now the country’s national dog.

When the Cuban Revolution threatened the existence of these dogs and their owners, some were smuggled out of the country by families fleeing their homeland. Nonetheless, the breed’s numbers still dwindled to the point of near extinction. Two families from Cuba brought their dogs to the United States; these 11 dogs were the first Havanese on record in the country. Over time, an effort was made to reestablish the breed’s numbers, but nearly all the Havanese in the world today are descended from the 11 who first arrived in the United States from Cuba. The AKC officially recognized the breed in 1996.

The following description is of an “ideal” Havanese. Not all Havanese will fit the description exactly, but that’s not an issue unless you want one who can participate in dog shows.

The Havanese is charming, intelligent, and alert, with a friendly disposition that makes him an ideal companion dog.

Here are some traits to consider when determining how well a Havanese is going to fit in with you and your family.

Havanese are typically loving and devoted companions who thrive on human attention, although some Havanese can occasionally become aloof with strangers as they age. They are particularly good with children and have been known to both guard their families’ children heroically as well as play tirelessly with them (though all children should learn the proper way to interact with a dog). Curious and fearless, they are sure to alert their owners of visitors and will enthusiastically welcome a guest.

Havanese are low-shedding, odorless, indoor dogs who acclimate well to apartment life: they can get all the exercise they need indoors and don’t need a large yard in which to play and exert energy. Havanese crave their owners’ attention and are best suited to homes in which they will not be left alone frequently or for long periods of time. With proper socialziation, they also get along well with other dogs, which can make them a good addition to multi-pet homes.

Havanese need a moderate amount of exercise to stay healthy, which usually can be accomplished by playing games indoors and taking regular walks. Given their need for human interaction, Havanese particularly enjoy exercising with their owners. Like many dogs, without sufficient and safe ways to exert their energy, they may turn to other, potentially destructive methods.

Havanese are both highly intelligent and eager to please, and they take to training of all types quickly. They respond especially well to positive reinforcement because the approval of their owners is a natural motivator. Havanese also are adept at learning tricks that they can please their owners with—as well as show off to others.