Knot Basics

Knot Terminology

• Line: The rope or cord in which a knot is being tied
• Working end: The end of the line used to tie the knot
• Standing end: The end of the line not used to tie the knot (this end is often left out of images that show how to tie a knot)
• Standing part: The section of line between the knot and the standing end
• Bight: A stretch of line formed into a “U” or semicircle that does not cross itself (some knots can be tied using the bight of a rope rather than the ends; these knots are said to be tied in the bight)
• Loop: A closed section of line, formed when the working end of the rope passes over itself

Types of Knots

1. Stopper knots: Used to stop a line from passing through a hole or pulley
2. Bends: Used to join two separate lines together at their ends
3. Hitches: Used to attach a line to a stationary object, such as a hook or post
4. Loops: Used to create a closed circle in a line that is of either fixed or adjustable size (variable loops are called slip knots or nooses)
5. Lashings: Used to fasten together two solid objects, such as metal poles or wooden branches
6. Necktie knots: Used to finish off a formal outfit with a necktie, whether a traditional necktie or a bow tie

Properties of Knots

• Strength: All knots weaken rope to some degree, as the twists and turns needed to make a knot weaken the fibers in the cord. Some knots weaken a rope up to 50%, others less. To be safe, it’s best to assume that all knots will cut the strength of a rope in half. Always make sure the rope you’re working with can carry more than twice the load it will need to bear.
• Security: Some knots slip or spill (come apart) when jostled, slicked by water, or subjected to a load. Other knots are more secure and stay intact under even the roughest conditions.
• Ease of tying: The easier a knot is to tie, the quicker and more convenient it is to use.
• Ease of untying: Some knots release (untie) more easily than others. Ease of untying is crucial in situations when a knot must be tied, untied, and then retied (as in sailing, for instance). A knot that’s difficult to untie is said to jam.